• Economics
• Albert
• Autor
• Degrowth
• Feminist Political Economy
• Keynes
• Labour Economics
• Participatory Economics
• Productivity Paradox
• Saint-Simon
• Say
• Sismondi
• Smith
• Steady State
• Veblen

References for Theme: Economics

• Agrawal, Ajay; Gans, Joshua; Goldfarb, Avi
• "The Simple Economics of Machine Intelligence" (2016)

• Albert, Michael
• Parecon: Life After Capitalism (2003)

• Autor, D; Salomons, A
• "Is Automation Labor-displacing? Productivity growth, employment, and the Labor Share" (2018)

  (p.4) Whether technological progress ultimately proves employment- or labor-share-displacing depends proximately on two factors: how technological innovations shape employment and labor’s share of value-added directly in the industries where they occur; and how these direct effects are augmented or offset by employment and labor-share changes elsewhere in the economy that are indirectly spurred by these same technological forces. The first of these phenomena—the direct effect of technological progress on employment and labor-share in the specific settings in which it occurs—is often readily observable, and we suspect that observationof these direct labor-displacing effects shapes theoretical and empirical study of the aggregate impact of technological progress. The indirect effects of...

• "Is Automation Labor-displacing? Productivity growth, employment, and the Labor Share" (2018)

• Autor, David
• "Polanyi's Paradox and the Shape of Employment Growth" (2014)

• Barker, Drucilla K
• "Beyond Women and Economics: Rereading “Women’s Work”" (2005)

• Barro, Robert J
• "Convergence" (1992)

• Benquet, Marlène
• "François Vatin, Sophie Bernard, Le salariat : théorie, histoire et formes. Théorie, histoire et formes" (2007)

• Bergmann, Barbara R
• "The Economics of Women’s Liberation" (1974)

• Boserup, Ester
• Woman's Role in Economic Development (2007)

• Bruun, Edvard P G; Duka, Alban
• "Artificial Intelligence, Jobs and the Future of Work: Racing with the Machines" (2018)

• Brynjolfsson, Erik; Mitchell, Tom; Rock, Daniel
• "What can machines learn, and what does it mean for occupations and the economy?" (2018)

  (p.46) Automation technologies have historically been the key driver of increased industrial productivity. They have also disrupted employment and the wage structure systematically. However, our analysis suggests that ML will affect very different parts of the workforce than earlier waves of automation. Furthermore, tasks within jobs typically show considerable variability in SML, while few (if any) jobs can be fully automated using ML. Machine learning technology can transform many jobs in the economy, but full automation will be less significant than the reengineering of processes and the reorganization of tasks.

• "What can machines learn, and what does it mean for occupations and the economy?" (2018)

• Carens, Joseph H
• Equality, Moral Incentives, and the Market: An Essay in Utopian Politico-Economic Theory (1981)

• Chessell, Darren
• "The Jobless Econonomy in a Post-work Society: How automation will transform the labor market" (2018)

• Chuah, Lay Lian; Loayza, Norman; Schmillen, Achim D
• "The Future of Work: Race with—not against—the Machine" (2018)

  (p.2) This does not mean that machines will replace all labor or that wages will plummet across the board. Computers based on AI are remarkably effective in conducting specific tasks rather than replicating human intelligence. The early attempts to imitate humans in the 1970s derailed AI for decades. By contrast, the recent success of AI has been based on an algorithmic approach that uses neural networks and deep learning for well-defined and limited tasks.

• "The Future of Work: Race with—not against—the Machine" (2018)

• Cleaver, Harry
• "Work Is Still the Central Issue! New Words for New Worlds" (2002)

• Dinerstein, Ana C; Neary, Michael
• The Labour Debate: An Investigation into the Theory and Reality of Capitalist Work (2002)

• Drèze, Jacques H
• Labour Management, Contracts, and Capital Markets: A General Equilibrium Approach (1989)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara
• Nickel-and-dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America (2001)

• Nickel and Dimed: Undercover in Low-wage America (2002)

• Ernst, Ekkehardt; Merola, Rossana; Samaan, Daniel
• "Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Implications for the Future of Work" (2019)

  (p.3) Common to all these applications is that they concern tasks that are considered to require specific human capacities related to visual perception, speech, sentiment recognition, and decision-making. In other words, AI is replacing mental tasks rather than physical ones, which were the target of previous waves of mechanization.

• "Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Implications for the Future of Work" (2019)

  (p.5) New, AI-based digital technologies may allow larger segments of the labor market to improve their productivity and to access better paying occupations and, thereby, may help promote (inclusive) growth. This requires, however, that a certain number of policies are put in place that support the necessary shift in occupational demand, maintain a strong competitive environment to guarantee diffusion of innovation, and keep up aggregate demand to support structural transformation. At the same time, AI applications raise the potential for productivity growth for interpersonal, less technical occupations and tasks, leading to higher demand for such work, which is likely to dampen...

• "Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Implications for the Future of Work" (2019)

• Furman, Jason; Seamans, Robert
• "AI and the Economy" (2019)

  (p.163) One particular concern with AI is that the changes will happen so quickly that there will be sustained periods of time in which large segments of the population are not working (see Goolsbee [forthcoming] for a discussion of speed of adoption and Acemoglu and Restrepo [2016] for a useful model). These rapid changes, and the potential disruption to the workforce, suggest it is important that there are policies in place to support workers and retraining.

• "AI and the Economy" (2019)

• Gorz, André
• Critique of Economic Reason (1989)

  (p.122) Capitalism has been the expression of economic rationality finally set free of all restraint. It was the art of calculation, as developed by science, applied to the definition of the rules of conduct. It raised the quest for efficiency to the level of an 'exact science' and thus cleared the factors of moral or aesthetic criteria from the field of decision-making. Thus rationalized, economic activity could henceforth organize human behaviour and relationships 'objectively', leaving the subjectivity of. decision-makers out of account and making it impossible to raise a moral challenge on them. It was no longer a question of good...

• Reclaiming Work: Beyond the Wage-based Society (1999)

• Grey, Rohan
• "Who Owns the Intellectual Fruits of Job Guarantee Labor?" (2017)

• Hamilton, Clive
• Growth Fetish (2004)

• Hardingham, Eileen; Vrbka, Jaromír; Kliestik, Tomas; Kliestikova, Jana
• "Will cognitive technology-driven automation lead to economic growth?" (2018)

• Herzog, Lisa
• Inventing the Market: Smith, Hegel, and Political Theory (2013)

• Keynes, John Maynard
• "Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren" (2010)

  Thus for the first time since his creation man will be faced with his real, hispermanent problem-how to use his freedom from pressing economic cares,how to occupy the leisure, which science and compound interest will have wonfor him, to live wisely and agreeably and well.The strenuous purposeful money-makers may carry all of us along with theminto the lap of economic abundance. But it will be those peoples, who can keepalive, and cultivate into a fuller perfection, the art of life itself and do not sellthemselves for the means of life, who will be able to enjoy the abundance whenit comes.Yet...

• Korinek, Anton; Stiglitz, Joseph E
• "Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Income Distribution and Unemployment" (2019)

  (p.350) measured productivity has increased rather slowly in recent years, even as the world seems to be captured by AI fever. If AIr elated innovations enter the economy at the same slow pace as suggested by recent productivity statistics, then the transition will be slower than, for example, the wave of mechanization in the 1950– 1970s, and the resulting disruptions may not be very significant. However, there are three possible alternatives: First, some suggest that productivity is significantly undermeasured, for example, because quality improvements are not accurately captured. The best available estimates suggest that this problem is limited to a few...

• "Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Income Distribution and Unemployment" (2019)

  (p.353) In 1930 Keynes wrote an essay on the “Economic Possibilities of our Grandchildren,” in which he described how technological possibilities may translate into utility possibilities. He worried about the quality of life that would emerge in a world with excess leisure. And he thought all individuals might face that quandary. But what has happened in recent years has raised another possibility: innovation could lead to a few very rich individuals— who may face this challenge—whereas the vast majority of ordinary workers may be left behind, with wages far below what they were at the peak of the industrial age.

• "Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Income Distribution and Unemployment" (2019)

• Levine, David P; Abu Turab Rizvi, S
• Poverty, Work, and Freedom: Political Economy and the Moral Order (2005)

• Meckled-Garcia, Saladin
• "Why Work Harder? Equality, Social Duty and the Market" (2002)

• Mill, J S
• Principles of Political Economy (1848)

• Mitchell, William; Reedman, Luke; Others,
• "Fiscal policy and financial fragility: why macroeconomic policy is failing" (2002)

• Nove, Alec
• The Economics of Feasible Socialism Revisited (2003)

• Nove, Alec; Thatcher, Ian D
• Markets and socialism (1994)

• Piketty, Thomas
• Capital in the Twenty-First Century (2014)

• "About Capital in the Twenty-First Century" (2015)

• Rifkin, Jeremy
• The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (2014)

• Simms, Andrew; Johnson, Victoria; Chowla, Peter; Murphy, Mary
• Growth Isn’t Possible: Why We Need a New Economic Direction (2010)

• Speth, James Gustave
• "American Passage: Towards a New Economy and a New Politics" (2012)

• Tcherneva, Pavlina
• "Job or Income Guarantee?" (2003)

• Tcherneva, Pavlina R
• "Permanent On-The-Spot Job Creation—The Missing Keynes Plan for Full Employment and Economic Transformation" (2012)

• "The job guarantee: delivering the benefits that basic income only promises–a response to Guy Standing" (2012)

• "The Federal Job Guarantee: Prevention, Not Just a Cure" (2019)

• The Case for a Job Guarantee (2020)

• Tcherneva, Pavlina R; Wray, L Randall
• "Can Basic Income and Job Guarantees Deliver on Their Promises?" (2005)

• Vatin, François; Bernard, Sophie
• "Le salariat: théorie, histoire et formes" (2007)

• Wray, L Randall; Randall Wray, L
• "The Employer of Last Resort Approach to Full Employment" (2000)

• de Bustillo, Rafael Muñoz; Fernández-Macías, Enrique; Antón, José-Ignacio; Esteve, Fernando
• Measuring More Than Money: The Social Economics of Job Quality (2011)