Subjectivity and Truth: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1980-1981

by Foucault, Michel (2017)

Abstract

“The working hypothesis is this: it is true that sexuality as experience is obviously not independent of codes and systems of prohibitions, but it needs to be recalled straightaway that these codes are astonishingly stable, continuous, and slow to change. It needs to be recalled also that the way in which they are observed or transgressed also seems to be very stable and very repetitive. On the other hand, the point of historical mobility, what no doubt change most often, what are most fragile, are modalities of experience.” - Michel Foucault In 1981 Foucault delivered a course of lectures which marked a decisive reorientation in his thought and of the project of a History of Sexuality outlined in 1976. It was in these lectures that arts of living became the focal point around which he developed a new way of thinking about subjectivity. It was also the moment when Foucault problematized a conception of ethics understood as the patient elaboration of a relationship of self to self. It was the study of the sexual experience of the Ancients that made these new conceptual developments possible. Within this framework, Foucault examined medical writings, tracts on marriage, the philosophy of love, or the prognostic value of erotic dreams, for evidence of a structuration of the subject in his relationship to pleasures (aphrodisia) which is prior to the modern construction of a science of sexuality as well as to the Christian fearful obsession with the flesh. What was actually at stake was establishing that the imposition of a scrupulous and interminable hermeneutics of desire was the invention of Christianity. But to do this it was necessary to establish the irreducible specificity of ancient techniques of self. In these lectures, which clearly foreshadow The Use of Pleasures and The Care of Self, Foucault examines the Greek subordination of gender differences to the primacy of an opposition between active and passive, as well as the development by Imperial stoicism of a model of the conjugal bond which advocates unwavering fidelity and shared feelings and which leads to the disqualification of homosexuality.

Key Passage

What about religious consciousness, what is the status of our religious consciousness, in what respect can this religious consciousness effectively account for what we are? Feuerbach represented exactly the summit of thisform of analysis focused on these categories of Judeo-Christianity and paganism,13 and then the evolution takes place in exactly the opposite direction to that of the French. That is to say, through Marx and acertain number of others in German socialism, it is the economic categories, notably those of capitalism, that finally prevailed in this selfanalysis of the West. And that is why it may be thought that, at theend of the nineteenth century, the greatest work of synthesis carried out in Western thought to bring about its own self-analysis is found in Max Weber. Max Weber is the person who precisely tried to combine in the most rational way possible, and according to an historical knowledge and analysis as positively grounded as possible, the categories of religious [and economic] self-analysis. (p.41)

Keywords

Foucault, Weber, Marx. Subjectivity, Power, Truth, Sexuality, Prohibitions, Ethics, Love, Value, Erotic, Dreams, Subject, Value, Christian, Postmodern, Postmodernism, Sovereignty

Themes

Subjectivity and Truth, Foucault Citations

Links to Reference

• https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=Bd0tDwAAQBAJ
• https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Bd0tDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=foucault+%22subjectivity+and+truth%22&ots=BmU2Ns-Awl&sig=wSNlAdR3RAbSlX6CKpY3wCG1CN0

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