For Work / Against Work
Debates on the centrality of work

Eclipse of Reason

by Horkheimer, M (1974)

Key Passage

Far from excluding competition, industrialistic culture has always organized research on a competitive basis. At the same time this research is strictly supervised and made to conform to established patterns. Herewe see how competitive and authoritative control work hand in hand. Such co-operation is sometimes useful for a limited purpose— for instance, in the production of the best baby foods, super-explosives, and propaganda methods; but one could hardly claim that it contributes to the progress of real thought. There is no clear-cut distinction between liberalism and authoritarianism in modern science. In actual fact, liberalism and authoritarianism tend to interact in a way that helps to vest an ever more rigid rational control in the institutions of an irrational world. (p.49)

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