"Playing work, or gamification as stultification"

by Bateman, Chris (2018)

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe contrast between work and play as activities collapses if play is seen, following anthropologist Thomas Malaby, as a disposition towards the indeterminate. Once play is positioned as a state of mind, activities that constitute work need not be disjunct from playful behavior. Yet for most workers, work is rarely if ever playful, and attempts to import play behavior into the workplace (?gamification?) do not result in greater playfulness. Part of this problem results from specific aesthetic values for games having dominated both work and play. As Roger Caillois warned half a century ago, sport-like values have increasingly saturated the culture of the overdeveloped world. Meanwhile, gamification processes have only been able to export task-focussed reward structures from the domain of play ? practices that descend from Dungeons & Dragons, but that have been denuded of their playful qualities. In parallel to the gamification of work has been the gamification of games, namely an increasing emphasis on tasks to structure video game play (e.g., achievements), and thus make them more compelling yet less playful. In so much as this entails forcing particular patterns of understanding onto both players and workers, this makes gamification a parallel to Jacques Rancière's stultification in education: a binding of wills instead of an emancipation. If we want a world where work could be more playful, we must begin by breaking the cultural dominance of sport-like and task-like aesthetics of play, and endeavour to overcome the underlying fears that prevent work from being played.

Key Passage

If we want a world where work could be more playful, we cannot begin by simply layering mandatory challenges upon an already demanding work situation. Instead, we must begin by challenging the culturaldominance of sport-like and task-like aesthetics for games and play, and endeavouring to overcome the underlying fears that prevent work from being played. Ranciére’s (2014) work suggests another possible name for the kind of workplace where such uncertainties could be embraced: democracy. This is not at all the system of government we already have (i.e., States of oligarchic law) but the very possibility of power being possessed by absolutely anybody at all. Gamification makes democracy impossible, although it is by no means the only barrier to this kind of political equality. Playing work is implausible without first creating space for the kind ofanarchic freedom democracy implies – and this may be more challenging than continuing to live the way we are. The power of games may well be found not merely in their potential for disciplinary control, but in theirpotential for emancipation. (p.1201) ()

Keywords

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Themes

Gamification of Work

Links to Reference

• https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1450435
• http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1450435
• https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1450435?casa_token=Pfp7ZUk1e-kAAAAA:I1jRM_j-dHRwK7yA62HSBcrJctcdpdftTmiobX7uohzMGmTIlPyfFZbIzozNBofo2rPvhQ1UIDSGsw
• https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1450435?casa_token=zjr4MkFl1MIAAAAA:Dfn8vk8MY5assanmLv5f820BLCX6IEYtqZ9e5hvCu9PVL6qLCt5-rctYSjdZsmVmPuJdd76AmYzVXw

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